तं शोणितपरीताङ्गं वेष्टमानं महीतले । भार्या तु निहतं दृष्ट्वा रुराव करुणां गिरम् ।।1.2.11।। वियुक्ता पतिना तेन द्विजेन सहचारिणा । ताम्रशीर्षेण मत्तेन पत्रिणा सहितेन वै ।।1.2.12।।
Meaning
Seeing her mate struck down, drenched in blood and writhing on the ground, the female bird — separated from the copper-crested companion who moments before had spread his wings in love for her — cried out in piteous, grief-stricken wails.
Word-by-word (pada-artha)
Shloka 1.2.11
| Word | Devanagari | Meaning | Grammatical role |
|---|---|---|---|
| tam | तम् | him (the male bird) | Object — accusative singular |
| śoṇitaparītāṅgam | शोणितपरीताङ्गम् | his limbs drenched in blood | Bahuvrihi adjective — accusative |
| veṣṭamānam | वेष्टमानम् | writhing, rolling about | Present participle middle — accusative |
| mahītale | महीतले | on the surface of the earth | Locative of place |
| bhāryā | भार्या | the mate, the female bird | Subject — nominative singular |
| tu | तु | but | Connective particle |
| nihatam | निहतम् | slain | Past passive participle — accusative |
| dṛṣṭvā | दृष्ट्वा | having seen | Absolutive |
| rurāva | रुराव | cried out, wailed | Main verb — perfect 3rd sg |
| karuṇām giram | करुणां गिरम् | a piteous cry (lit. a voice of compassion) | Cognate object — accusative |
Shloka 1.2.12
| Word | Devanagari | Meaning | Grammatical role |
|---|---|---|---|
| viyuktā | वियुक्ता | separated, bereft | Past passive participle — feminine nominative |
| patinā | पतिना | from her mate | Instrumental with viyuktā |
| tena | तेन | that | Demonstrative — instrumental |
| dvijena | द्विजेन | the twice-born one (the bird) | Instrumental singular |
| sahacāriṇā | सहचारिणा | her constant companion | Instrumental adjective |
| tāmraśīrṣeṇa | ताम्रशीर्षेण | copper-crested | Instrumental adjective |
| mattena | मत्तेन | intoxicated (with love) | Instrumental adjective |
| patriṇā | पत्रिणा | the winged one | Instrumental singular |
| sahitena | सहितेन | who had been united with her | Instrumental adjective |
| vai | वै | indeed | Emphatic particle |
Scholar commentary
Shloka 1.2.11
valmikiramayan.net Prose Commentary
Desiraju Hanumanta Rao's prose rendering with embedded explanatory notes
The female bird's lament is described in physical terms -- her mate's blood-soaked body reeling on the ground, her separation from a companion who moments before had spread his wings for her in courtship.
2 of 16 traditions have commentary on this shloka. Traditions without a verse-specific commentary here are omitted rather than filled in.
Shloka 1.2.12
valmikiramayan.net Prose Commentary
Desiraju Hanumanta Rao's prose rendering with embedded explanatory notes
The female bird's lament is described in physical terms -- her mate's blood-soaked body reeling on the ground, her separation from a companion who moments before had spread his wings for her in courtship.
2 of 16 traditions have commentary on this shloka. Traditions without a verse-specific commentary here are omitted rather than filled in.
Reference: 1.2.11-12 · Bāla Kāṇḍa